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Porovnání působení dusíkato-fosforečných hnojiv ve výživě pšenice ozimé a řepky ozimé
Večeřa, Radomír
The aim of the diploma thesis was to assess and compare the effect of spring nitrogen-phosphorus fertilization on the yield and qualitative parameters of winter wheat and winter oilseed rape. Small-plot experiments took place at Vatín in 2020/2021 and 2021/2022. The experimental variants of fertilization for both model crops were 1. Control, 2. NPS immunMax (12-10+11S), 3. GSH NP 15-5+20S, 4. CAN + Amofos (12-52) (3:1) and 5. CAN + Amofos (12-52) (1:1). The parameters used in the assessment of winter wheat were yield, bulk density, nitrogenous substances and wet gluten content, grain sedimentation value. Winter oilseed rape were assessed by observing the yield and the oil content of the seeds. Winter wheat was monitored for the influence of the two terms of application of NP fertilizers during tillering. Winter oilseed rape was monitored for the influence of fertilization with a 100% dose of N and the application of NP fertilizers during side-shoot formation stage and fertilization with a dose of 70% N and the application of NP fertilizers in begin of stem elongation. The weather in individual years of the experiment had a statistically significant effect on the yield and quality parameters of winter wheat. There were no significant differences between the variants of NP fertilization and the terms of spring application. In the case of winter oilseed rape, the effect of the weather in years of the experiment was proven only for the yield. There was no significant difference between the variants of NP fertilization. A significant effect on yield and oil content was proven between terms of application with different doses of N. In the long term, phosphorus fertilizing in the spring make sense due to low phosphorus content in soil or ensure the return of phosphorus taken by harvests, but no yield or quality effect was recorded during the two-year observation.
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Využití kombinovaného hnojiva ve výživě řepky ozimé
Dundálek, Ladislav
The diploma thesis aimed to evaluate the effect of regeneratively applied combined fertilizer in the nutrition of oilseed rape. The experiment was established at two localities (Žabčice and Vatín) in the form of a small-plot field experiment carried out in the economic years 2020/2021 and 2021/2022. The following treatments were included in the experiment: unfertilized, control, FertiTOP 44 NPS, and FertiTOP 44 NPS in lower dose. The total dose of nitrogen applied in treatment FertiTOP NPS 44 (lower dose) was 130 kg/ha. Control treatment and FertiTop NPS 44 in full dose were based on the total dose of 168 kg/ha of N. In addition to nitrogen, sulfur was also applied as part of regenerative fertilization in control treatment. The following parameters were examined: yield, oil content, oil production, and economic evaluation. A statistically significant difference between the examined treatments was found for the yield and oil production parameters. Overall, the FertiTOP 44 NPS (full dose) treatment was evaluated as the most optimal option with the highest average yield of 3.81 t/ha recorded in the Vatín location. At the Žabčice location, this variant provided an average yield of 3.20 t/ha. This variant was evaluated for the second highest oil content in the Vatín locality (45.3%), but in the Žabčice locality, this variant provided lower oil content (40.7%). In terms of oil production, the FertiTOP 44 NPS (full dose) treatment showed the highest oil production at both locations. The application of FertiTOP 44 NPS resulted in the average oil production 1.72 t/ha in Vatín and 1.31 t/ha in Žabčice. The economic evaluation showed that application of FertiTOP 44 NPS resulted in increase of profit by 21.21% compared to the control treatment in the economic year 2020/2021. Similar result was observed in second year (2021/2022), but the increase in profit compared to the control variant was only 4.11%.
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Využití humátů v kombinaci s bórem ve výživě řepky ozimé
Rzymanek, Jakub
The aim of the thesis was to assess the effect of foliar application of boron (B) together with humate on yield and oil content of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). For this purpose, a one-year field trial was evaluated. In this trial two different fertilizers containing boron were used. These fertilizers were applied both without and in combination with humate. In each treatment, a total of 300 g of B/ha (in the form of borethanolamine) and humate in a dose of 2 l/ha were applied. In one variant, humate without boron was used, in a total dose of 2 l/ha. The average of two unfertilized control treatments was used for comparison. A significant effect of boron used with humate on the yield of winter rape was reached (highest gain by 7.93%) in comparison to the control. A positive effect on seed yield was also reached by application of boron without humate in B2 treatment (+ 6.83%), which was significant compared to the control and compared to the B1 treatment too. Significant yield effect (+ 2.55%) in comparison to the control was reached also by application of humate without boron. A very small effect of boron fertilization on oil content was found. The highest oil content was reached by the separate use of humate (+ 1.19%). The treatments were also evaluated in terms of economic efficiency. Based on the results of yield obtained and economic efficiency of treatments, the B1 + NF treatment was chosen as the best one.
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Evaluation of winter oilseed rape yield of Pioneer company cultivars
DOSTÁL, Petr
This bachelor thesis deals with winter oilseed rape. The focus is placed on history, importance of cultivation, characteristics, yield creation and influencing factors. Attention is given to technology of winter oilseed rape cultivation, to selected oilseed hybrids of Pioneer company and to economy as well. The main chapter consists of the harvests results in the Czech Republic from 2014 until 2018. Another chapter is the response to the use of growth regulators in both semi-dwarf and normal straw hybrids. From the results of the thesis it was found out that the seed yields of semi-dwarf rape are comparable to those of normal straw hybrids. However, it strongly depends on the technology of cultivation and the climatic conditions of the given year and habitat as well.
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